Timeline of escalation

Clashes between Thai and Cambodian forces entered a fourth day, resulting in at least twenty-three fatalities—ten in Thailand and thirteen in Cambodia—and widespread displacement. Shelling, artillery, and rocket strikes have been reported along several sectors of the contested border. Thailand asserts Cambodian forces fired first and launched attacks on civilian infrastructure, while Cambodia alleges Thai incursions and intensified bombardment.

U.S. intervention and trade leverage

President Donald Trump spoke with Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet and Thailand’s Acting Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai, urging an immediate ceasefire and stating that trade negotiations would be suspended while fighting continues. Cambodia agreed to pursue an unconditional ceasefire and tasked its foreign minister with coordinating with U.S. counterparts. Thailand confirmed its engagement but emphasized the need for genuine intent from Cambodia.

ASEAN-led peace efforts

Both sides agreed to participate in peace talks in Malaysia, hosted by the Malaysian Prime Minister in his capacity as ASEAN chair. Acting Thai Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet are expected to attend. The United Nations and regional partners have also called for de-escalation.

Humanitarian impact

More than one hundred sixty thousand people have been displaced across both countries, including over one hundred thirty thousand in Thailand and at least thirty-seven thousand in Cambodia. Dozens of civilians have been injured, and critical facilities such as schools and hospitals have sustained damage.